Drum Volume Calculator

2:1 Ellipsoidal Head Type (Unit: mm, m³)

Vertical Drum

Total Volume: 0

Liquid Volume: 0

Retention Time: 0 min

Horizontal Drum

Total Volume: 0

Liquid Volume: 0

Retention Time: 0 min

Technical Explanations

Vessel Volume Calculations

Pressure vessels often consist of a cylindrical shell and two end closures (heads). This calculator specifically deals with vessels having 2:1 ellipsoidal heads. The total volume is calculated by summing the volume of the cylindrical section and the volumes of the two heads.

For a cylindrical section, Volume = π × (Radius)² × Length.

For a 2:1 Ellipsoidal Head, the volume is approximated as (2/3) × π × (Radius)² × Crown Radius (where Crown Radius is half the diameter for 2:1 heads).

Liquid volume calculations consider the fill level (h) within the vessel, accounting for the geometry of the heads and cylindrical section that are submerged.

2:1 Ellipsoidal Head Type

A 2:1 ellipsoidal head is a type of end closure for pressure vessels. It's characterized by an elliptical shape where the major axis is twice the minor axis. This design offers a good balance of strength, manufacturability, and cost-effectiveness, making it very common in chemical, petrochemical, and other industrial applications.

In this calculator, the crown radius (b) of the 2:1 ellipsoidal head is taken as one-fourth of the vessel's internal diameter (ID/4).

Retention Time

Retention time, also known as mean residence time, is a critical parameter in process engineering. It represents the average time a fluid element spends within a vessel or system. It's used to determine reaction times in reactors, settling times in clarifiers, or the duration for a process to occur.

It is calculated using the formula: Retention Time (hours) = Liquid Volume (m³) / Flowrate (m³/hr).

This calculator displays retention time in minutes for convenience: Retention Time (minutes) = (Liquid Volume (m³) / Flowrate (m³/hr)) × 60.

About This Calculator

This tool provides a convenient way to calculate the total volume and liquid volume of vertical and horizontal pressure vessels with 2:1 ellipsoidal heads, along with estimated liquid retention time.

Designed for educational and estimation purposes.

For inquiries, please contact: [email protected]

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